![]() Lindman B, Karlström G, Stigsson L (2010) On the mechanism of dissolution of cellulose. Lin WC, Lien CC, Yeh HJ, Yu CM, Hsu SH (2013) Bacterial cellulose and bacterial cellulose-chitosan membranes for wound dressing applications. Lima RE, Araújo L, Barros J, Bezerra M (2017) Concomitant production of gum, nut and peduncle in dwarf cashew tree explored under different levels of irrigation and fertilization. Lima HLS, Gonçalves C, Cerqueira MA, Nascimento ES, Gama MF, Rosa MF, Borges MF, Pastrana LM, Brígida AIS (2018) Bacterial cellulose nanofiber-based films incorporating gelatin hydrolysate from tilapia skin: production, characterization and cytotoxicity assessment. Lai C, Sheng L, Liao S, Xi T, Zhang Z (2013) Surface characterization of TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose. ![]() ![]() Irissin-Mangata J, Bauduin G, Boutevin B, Gontard N (2001) New plasticizers for wheat gluten films. Guo Y, Zhang X, Hao W, Xie Y, Chen L, Li Z, Zhu B, Feng X (2018) Nano-bacterial cellulose/soy protein isolate complex gel as fat substitutes in ice cream model. Gullo M, Sola A, Zanichelli G, Montorsi M, Messori M, Giudici P (2017) Increased production of bacterial cellulose as starting point for scaled-up applications. Guillard V, Gaucel S, Fornaciari C, Angellier-Coussy H, Buche P, Gontard N (2018) The next generation of sustainable food packaging to preserve our environment in a circular economy context. įood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – FAOSTAT (2016). (95)00006-Sįigueirêdo MCB, Potting J, Serrano LAL, Bezerra MA, Barros VS, Gondim RS, Nemecek T (2016) Environmental assessment of tropical perennial crops: the case of the Brazilian cashew. ĭe Paula RCM, Rodrigues JF (1995) Composition and rheological properties of cashew tree gum, the exudate polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale L. Ĭhiulan I, Frone AN, Panaitescu DM, Nicolae CA, Trusca R (2018) Surface properties, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of poly(vinyl alcohol)–starch-bacterial cellulose composite films. ASTM International, West ConshohockenĪzeredo HMC, Waldron KW (2016) Crosslinking in polysaccharide and protein films and coatings for food contact – A review. ASTM International, West ConshohockenĪSTM E96/E96M-16 (2016) Standard test methods for water vapor transmission of materials. ĪSTM D882-12 (2012) Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. Graphic abstractĪraruna FB, Oliveira TM, Quelemes PV, Araújo Nobre AR, Plácido A, Vasconcelos AG, Paula RCM, Mafud AC, Almeida MP, Delerue-Matos C, Mascarenhas YP, Eaton P, Leite JRSA, Silva DA (2020) Antibacterial application of natural and carboxymethylated cashew gum-based silver nanoparticles produced by microwave-assisted synthesis. Moreover, the use of different NFBC/CG ratios allow properties to be tuned to meet specific demands for different food packaging or coating purposes. The combined use of both polysaccharides was demonstrated to be useful to overcome the limitations of both CG-only films (very low viscosity, poor tensile properties and very high WVP) and NFBC-only films (very high viscosity, making the dispersions difficult to mix and spread). When compared to the CG-only film, the films containing at least 25% NFBC presented remarkably higher strength and modulus (even similar to some conventional petroleum-derived polymers), lower water vapor permeability (WVP), and lower water solubility, although at the expense of lower elongation and higher opacity values. Moreover, the films containing increasing NFBC contents exhibited better physico-mechanical performance. While the CG-only dispersion (at 1 wt%) behaved as a quasi-Newtonian fluid, the addition of NFBC provided a shear-thinning behavior, making the dispersions easier to process, especially to cast. ![]() In this study, cashew tree gum (CG) has been combined to nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose (NFBC) produced from cashew apple juice, at different ratios (from CG-only to NFBC-only), to produce edible films. Its cultivation is mostly aimed to the production of cashew nuts, whereas its byproducts (including cashew tree gum and cashew apples) are underutilized. Cashew is a major crop in several tropical countries.
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